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【英文标准名称】:PracticeforSamplingTwo-PhaseGeothermalFluidforPurposesofChemicalAnalysis
【原文标准名称】:化学分析用两相地热流体取样惯例
【标准号】:ANSI/ASTME1675-1995
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:1995
【实施或试行日期】:1998-06-15
【发布单位】:美国国家标准学会(US-ANSI)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:蒸汽
【英文主题词】:steam
【摘要】:Thepurposeofthispracticeistoobtainrepresentativesamplesofliquidandsteamastheyexistinapipelinetransportingtwo-phasegeothermalfluids.Theliquidandsteamsamplesarecollectedandproperlypreservedforsubsequentchemicalanalysisinthefieldoranoff-siteanalyticallaboratory.Thechemicalcompositiondatageneratedfromtheanalysisofliquidandsteamsamplesmaybeusedformanyapplicationsimportanttogeothermalenergyexploration,development,andthelong-termmanagedexploitationofgeothermalresources.Theseapplicationsinclude,butarenotlimitedto,resourceevaluationssuchasdeterminingreservoirtemperatureandtheoriginofreservoirfluids,compatibilityofproducedfluidswithproduction,powergenerationandreinjectionhardwareexposedtothefluids(corrosivityandscaledepositionpotential),long-termreservoirmonitoringduringfieldexploitation,andenvironmentalimpactevaluationsincludingemissionstesting.Tofullyutilizethechemicalcompositiondataintheapplicationsstatedin,specificphysicaldatarelatedtothetwo-phasedischarge,wellbore,andgeothermalreservoirmayberequired.Mathematicalreconstructionofthefluidchemistry(liquidandsteam)toreservoirconditionsisaprimaryrequirementinmanyapplications.Ataminimum,thisrequirespreciseknowledgeofthetotalfluidenthalpyandpressureortemperatureatthesamplepoint.Fluidreconstructionandcomputationstoconditionsdifferentfromthesamplecollectionpointarebeyondthescopeofthispractice.Thispracticeislimitedtothecollectionofsamplesfromtwo-phaseflowstreamsatpressuresgreaterthan70kPagauge(10psig)andhavingavolumetricvaporfractionofatleast20%.Thispracticeisnotapplicabletosingle-phaseflowstreamssuchaspumpedliquiddischargesatpressuresabovetheflashpointorsuperheatedsteamflows.RefertoSpecificationE947forsamplingsingle-phasegeothermalfluids.Thesamplingofgeothermalfluidtwo-phaseflowstreams(liquidandsteam)requiresspecializedsamplingequipmentandproperorientationofsampleportswithrespecttothetwo-phaseflowline.Thispracticeisapplicabletowellsnotequippedwithindividualproductionseparators.Inmanycases,thesetechniquesaretheonlypossiblewaytoobtainrepresentativesteamandliquidsamplesfromindividualproducinggeothermalwells.Thesamplingproblemsthatexistincludethefollowing:Unstableproductionflowratesthathavealargedegreeofsurging,Unknownpercentageoftotalflowthatisflashedtosteamoriscontinuouslyflashingthroughtheproductionsystem,Mineraldepositionduringandafterflashingoftheproducedfluidinwellbores,productionpiping,andsamplingtrains,Stratificationofflowinsidethepipelineandunusualflowregimesatthesamplingports,andInsufficientflashfractiontoobtainasteamsample.Thispracticecoversthesamplelocations,specializedsamplingequipment,andproceduresneededtoobtainrepresentativeliquidandsteamsamplesforchemicalanalysis.Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.Forspecifichazardstatements,seeSection7.
【中国标准分类号】:G04
【国际标准分类号】:75_020
【页数】:
【正文语种】:英语


【英文标准名称】:Safetyofpowertransformers,powersupplyunitsandsimilardevices--Part2-12:Particularrequirementsforconstantvoltagetransformers
【原文标准名称】:电力变压器、电源装置及类似设备的安全.第2-12部分:恒压变压器的特殊要求
【标准号】:JISC61558-2-12-2008
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:日本
【发布日期】:2008-03-20
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:日本工业标准调查会(JP-JISC)
【起草单位】:TechnicalCommitteeonElectricityTechnology
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:この規格は,電気的安全性,熱的安全性,機械的安全性などの安全側面について規定する。
【中国标准分类号】:K41
【国际标准分类号】:29_180
【页数】:20P;A4
【正文语种】:日语